Vision of Britain | 1881 Census: Ages

1881 Census of England and Wales, Tables: Ages, Condition as to Marriage, Occupations and Birthplaces of people, Table 10 : " Occupations of Males and Females in the Division and its Registration Counties".

List Shoreditch RegD/PLPar	Hoxton New Town SubD

OCCUPATIONS.	Males. [1]	Females. [2]
1. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE GENERAL OR LOCAL GOVERNMENT OF THE COUNTRY.	136	11
Civil Service (officers and clerks)	24	7
Civil Service (messengers, &c.)	74	2
Prison Service, &c.	1	-
Police	21	-
Municipal, Parish, Union, District, Officer	14	2
Other Local or County Official	2	-
2. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE DEFENCE OF THE COUNTRY.	13	-
Soldier and Non-commissioned officer	3	-
Militia, Yeomanry, Volunteers	2	-
Army Pensioner	3	-
Seaman, R.N.	2	-
Navy Pensioner	3	-
3. PERSONS ENGAGED IN PROFESSIONAL OCCUPATIONS (WITH THEIR IMMEDIATE SUBORDINATES).	183	127
Clergymen (Established Church)	3	-
Minister, Priest of other religious bodies	1	-
Missionary, Scripture Reader, Itinerant preacher	4	2
Church, chapel, cemetery - officer, servant	2	2
Barrister, Solicitor	5	-
Law Clerk, and others connected with the law	47	-
Physician, Surgeon, General Practitioner	5	-
Dentist	5	-
Medical Student, Assistant	4	-
Midwife	-	2
Subordinate Medical Service	3	37
Schoolmaster	16	49
Teacher, Professor, Lecturer	-	3
School Service, and others connected with teaching	5	2
Author, Editor, Journalist	3	-
Reporter, Short-hand Writer	2	-
Persons engaged in Scientific Pursuits	2	-
Literary, Scientific, Institution, Service, &c.	2	-
Civil Engineer	3	-
Mining Engineer	1	-
Land, House, Ship, Surveyor	1	-
Painter (artist)	7	2
Engraver (artist)	5	-
Architect	2	-
Musician, Music Master	21	18
Art Student	2	-
Photographer	9	1
Actor	5	8
Art, Music, Theatre Service	5	1
Performer, Showman, Exhibition, Service	1	-
Billiard, Cricket & other Games, Service	12	-
4. PERSONS ENGAGED IN DOMESTIC OFFICES OR SERVICES.	216	1,001
Domestic Coachman, Groom	23	-
Domestic Indoor Servant	34	565
Lodge, Gate, Park Keeper (not Government)	3	-
Inn, Hotel Servant	132	38
College, Club Service	2	-
Office Keeper (not Government)	2	10
Cook (not domestic)	6	10
Charwoman	-	88
Washing and Bathing Service	12	277
Hospital and Institution Service	-	13
Others engaged in Service	2	-
5. PERSONS ENGAGED IN COMMERCIAL OCCUPATIONS.	353	15
Merchant	1	-
Broker, Agent, Factor	17	-
Auctioneer, Appraiser, Valuer, House Agent	3	1
Accountant	7	-
Salesman, Buyer (not otherwise specified)	8	1
Commercial Traveller	67	-
Commercial Clerk	236	12
Bank Service	4	-
Life, House, Ship &c., Insurance Service	10	1
6. PERSONS ENGAGED IN CONVEYANCE OF MEN, GOODS, AND MESSAGES.	934	19
Railway Engine Driver, Stoker	5	-
Railway Guard	5	-
Other Railway Officials and Servants	48	-
Omnibus, Coach, Cab, Owner - Livery Stable Keeper	5	-
Cabman, Flyman, Coachman (not domestic)	90	-
Carman, Carrier, Carter, Haulier	282	-
Tramway Companies' Service	1	-
Bargeman, Lighterman, Waterman	7	-
Seaman (Merchant Service)	20	-
Ship Steward, Cook	4	-
Harbour, Dock, Wharf, Lighthouse Service	13	-
Warehouseman (not Manchester)	139	6
Messenger, Porter, Watchman (not Railway or Government)	309	10
Telegraph, Telephone Service	6	3
7. PERSONS ENGAGED IN AGRICULTURE.	20	6
Farmer, Grazier	2	-
Agricultural Labourer, Farm Servant, Cottager	7	1
Woodman	5	-
Nurseryman, Seedsman, Florist	4	5
Gardener (not domestic)	2	-
8. PERSONS ENGAGED ABOUT ANIMALS.	46	1
Horse Proprietor, Breeder, Dealer	1	-
Groom, Horse-keeper, Horse-breaker	30	-
Veterinary Surgeon, Farrier	11	-
Drover	1	-
Dog, Bird, Animal - Keeper, Dealer	3	-
Knacker, Catsmeat Dealer &c &c.	-	1
9. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN BOOKS, PRINTS, AND MAPS.	617	166
Publisher, Bookseller, Librarian	25	2
Music-Publisher, Seller, Printer	2	-
Bookbinder	180	148
Printer	345	13
Newspaper Agent, News Room Keeper	12	1
Others	3	-
Lithographer, Lithographic Printer	43	-
Copper Plate and Steel Plate Printer	5	-
Map and Print - Colourer, Seller	2	2
10. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN MACHINES AND IMPLEMENTS.	471	17
Engine, Machine Maker	43	1
Millwright	2	-
Fitter, Turner (Engine and Machine)	95	-
Boiler Maker	7	-
Spinning and Weaving Machine Maker	6	1
Agricultural Machine and Implement Maker	1	-
Domestic Machinery - Maker, Dealer	1	-
Tool Maker, Dealer	13	-
Cutler, Scissors Maker	3	1
Saw Maker	3	-
Steel Pen Maker	1	-
Pencil Maker (Wood)	1	-
Domestic Implement Maker	1	-
Watch Maker, Clock Maker	114	2
Philosophical Instrument Maker	19	-
Electrical Apparatus Maker	24	1
Weighing and Measuring Apparatus Maker	23	-
Surgical Instrument Maker	7	6
Gunsmith, Gun Manufacturer	15	-
Musical Instrument Maker, Dealer	29	-
Type Cutter, Founder	39	1
Die, Seal, Coin, Medal Maker	7	-
Toy Maker, Dealer	8	3
Fishing Rod, Tackle, Maker, Dealer	4	-
Apparatus for other games, Maker, Dealer	5	1
11. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN HOUSES, FURNITURE, AND DECORATIONS.	1,449	264
Builder	19	-
Carpenter, Joiner	302	-
Bricklayer	102	2
Mason	40	3
Slater, Tiler	6	-
Plasterer, Whitewasher	32	1
Paperhanger	7	-
Plumber	28	1
Painter, Glazier	162	-
Cabinet Maker	377	43
French Polisher	79	15
Furniture Broker, Dealer	19	-
Locksmith, Bellhanger	24	-
Gas Fitter	39	-
House and Shop Fittings - Maker, Dealer	27	1
Funeral Furniture Maker, Undertaker	13	1
Wood Carver	37	-
Carver, Gilder	94	-
Dealer in Works of Art	1	-
Figure, Image - Maker, Dealer	1	-
Animal, Bird &c. Preserver, Naturalist	2	1
Artificial Flower Maker	38	196
12. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CARRIAGES AND HARNESS.	126	9
Coachmaker	44	-
Wheelwright	26	-
Others	2	-
Saddler, Harness, Whip Maker	54	9
13. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN SHIPS AND BOATS.	2	-
Mast, Yard, Oar, Block Maker	1	-
Sail Maker	1	-
14. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CHEMICALS AND COMPOUNDS.	64	9
Dye, Paint Manufacture	1	-
Ink, Blacking, Colour Substance Manufacture	8	4
Fusee, Fireworks, Explosive Article Manufacture	2	-
Chemist, Druggist	31	2
Manufacturing Chemist	19	3
Drysalter	3	-
15. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TOBACCO AND PIPES.	62	29
Tobacco Manufacture, Tobacconist	54	26
Tobacco Pipe, Snuff Box &c. Maker	8	3
16. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN FOOD AND LODGING.	568	108
Innkeeper, Hotel Keeper, Publican	41	8
Lodging, Boarding House Keeper	2	4
Coffee, Eating House, Keeper	19	9
Brewer	38	-
Beerseller, Ale, Porter, Cider Dealer	10	-
Cellarman	18	2
Wine, Spirit - Merchant, Agent	9	-
Milkseller, Dairyman	30	4
Cheesemonger, Butterman	20	3
Butcher, Meat Salesman	78	4
Provision Curer, Dealer	10	4
Poulterer, Game Dealer	3	-
Fishmonger	29	5
Corn, Flour, Seed Merchant, Dealer	8	1
Corn Miller	1	-
Baker	75	15
Confectioner, Pastrycook	42	39
Greengrocer, Fruiterer	42	5
Mustard, Vinegar, Spice, Pickle Maker, Dealer	5	1
Sugar Refiner	3	-
Grocer. Tea, Coffee, Chocolate Maker, Dealer	80	4
Ginger Beer, Mineral Water Manufacturer, Dealer	5	-
17. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TEXTILE FABRICS.	172	157
Woolstapler	1	-
Woollen Cloth Manufacture	12	1
Worsted, Stuff, Manufacture	1	-
Cloth, Worsted, Stuff, Flannel, Blanket Dealer	3	1
Silk, Silk Goods, Manufacture	13	12
Silk Dyer, Printer	2	-
Crepe, Gauze Manufacture	2	-
Cotton, Cotton Goods Manufacture	1	2
Cotton, Calico - Printer, Dyer, Bleacher	3	-
Flax, Linen - Manufacturer, Dealer	3	1
Lace Manufacturer, Dealer	2	10
Tape Manufacturer, Dealer	1	-
Hemp, Jute, Cocoa Fibre Manufacture	1	-
Rope, Twine, Cord - Maker, Dealer	2	1
Sacking, Sack, Bag - Maker, Dealer	5	5
Others working and Dealing in Hemp	2	2
Weaver (undefined)	7	2
Dyer, Printer, Scourer, Bleacher, Calenderer (undefined)	14	3
Factory Hand (textile, undefined)	4	1
Felt Manufacture	2	-
Carpet, Rug Manufacture	2	1
Manchester Warehouseman	1	-
Draper, Linen Draper, Mercer	58	33
Fancy Goods (Textile) Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	12	23
Trimming Maker, Dealer	18	52
Embroiderer	-	7
18. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN DRESS.	744	1,247
Hatter, Hat Manufacture	22	12
Straw - Hat, Bonnet, Plait Manufacture	4	15
Tailor	116	94
Milliner, Dressmaker, Staymaker	46	632
Shawl Manufacture	-	1
Shirt Maker, Seamstress	31	198
Hosiery Manufacture	-	8
Hosier, Haberdasher	20	114
Glover, Glove Maker	3	6
Button Maker, Dealer	3	8
Shoe, Boot - Maker, Dealer	386	123
Wig Maker, Hair Dresser	32	-
Umbrella, Parasol, Stick - Maker, Dealer	80	32
Old Clothes Dealer, and others	1	4
19. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS ANIMAL SUBSTANCES.	275	217
Tallow Chandler, Candle, Grease Manufacture	3	-
Soap Boiler, Maker	1	-
Glue, Size, Gelatine, Isinglass - Maker, Dealer	1	-
Manure Manufacture	1	-
Bone, Horn, Ivory, Tortoise-shell - Worker, Dealer	11	-
Others	3	1
Furrier, Skinner	112	105
Tanner, Fellmonger	2	-
Currier	29	3
Leather Goods, Portmanteau, Bag, Strap &c., Maker, Dealer	49	16
Parchment, Vellum - Maker, Dealer	1	-
Hair, Bristle - Worker, Dealer	8	3
Brush, Broom, Maker	46	43
Quill, Feather - Dresser, Dealer	8	46
20. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES.	451	412
Oil Miller, Oil Cake - Maker, Dealer	3	-
Oil and Colourman	27	2
Japanner	13	-
India Rubber, Gutta Percha - Worker, Dealer	14	2
Waterproof Goods - Maker, Dealer	5	1
Others	1	-
Willow, Cane, Rush Worker, Dealer, Basketmaker	6	3
Hay, Straw (not plait), Chaff, Cutter, Dealer	3	-
Timber, Wood - Merchant, Dealer	36	5
Sawyer	48	1
Wood Turner, Box Maker	50	6
Cooper, Hoop Maker, Bender	31	-
Cork, Bark - Cutter, Worker, Dealer	10	2
Others	1	-
Paper Manufacture	28	13
Envelope Maker	2	53
Stationer, Law Stationer	75	42
Card, Pattern Card Maker	6	9
Paper Stainer	15	12
Paper Box, Paper Bag Maker	68	255
Ticket, Label Writer	5	2
Others	4	4
21. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS MINERAL SUBSTANCES.	597	35
Coal Merchant	5	-
Coalheaver	11	-
Coke, Charcoal, Peat - Cutter, Burner, Dealer	1	-
Gas Works Service	10	-
Stone Cutter, Dresser, Dealer	2	-
Limeburner	1	-
Plaster, Cement Manufacture	1	-
Brick, Tile - Maker, Burner, Dealer	11	-
Paviour	4	-
Railway Labourer, Navvy	5	-
Others	2	-
Earthenware, China, Porcelain, Manufacture	1	5
Glass Manufacture	40	1
Earthenware, China, Glass Dealer	3	1
Salt Maker, Dealer	4	1
Waterworks Service	2	-
Goldsmith, Silversmith, Jeweller	104	3
Gold, Silver, Beater	9	-
Lapidary	3	-
Others	12	6
[Iron Manufacture]	71	4
[Steel Manufacture]	1	-
Blacksmith	57	-
Whitesmith	6	-
Nail Manufacture	5	-
Ironmonger. Hardware Dealer, Merchant	17	-
Other Iron and Steel Manufacture	6	-
[Coppersmith]	4	-
Tin, Tin Plate, Tin Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	41	1
Zinc, Zinc Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	28	-
Lead, Leaden Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	4	-
Metal Refiner, Worker, Turner, Dealer	13	1
Brass, Bronze Manufacture. Brazier	76	-
Metal Burnisher, Lacquerer	-	8
White Metal, Plated Ware, Manufacture. Pewterer	8	1
Wire Maker, Worker, Weaver, Drawer	17	3
Bolt, Nut, Rivet, Screw, Staple Maker	2	-
Lamp, Lantern, Candlestick Maker	7	-
Fancy Chain, Gilt Toy Maker	1	-
Others	2	-
22. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN GENERAL OR UNSPECIFIED COMMODITIES.	643	298
General Shopkeeper, Dealer	75	44
Pawnbroker	26	-
Costermonger, Huckster, Street Seller	21	10
Manufacturer, Manager, Superintendant (undefined)	26	11
General Labourer	259	2
Engine Driver, Stoker, Fireman (not railway, marine or agricultural)	48	-
Artizan, Mechanic (undefined)	99	17
Apprentice (undefined)	7	-
Factory Labourer (undefined)	60	4
Machinist, Machine Worker (undefined)	22	210
23. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN REFUSE MATTERS.	12	3
Town Drainage Service	1	1
Chimney Sweep, Soot Merchant	7	-
Scavenger, Crossing Sweeper	4	1
Rag Gatherer, Dealer	-	1
24. PERSONS WITHOUT SPECIFIED OCCUPATIONS.	79	291
Persons returned by Property, Rank &c. and not special occupation	79	291
[UNKNOWN OCCUPATION]	145	4,378
[Occupation recorded but of unknown meaning]	5	10
[Blank field, or illegible]	140	4,368

Notes:

The following notes to the table appeared in the original report.

1	This table is a very special case: The original Table 10 as published by Division in the 1881 census reports was limited to data for Registration Divisions, their component Registration Counties, and just those Urban Sanitary Districts with populations of over 50,000. Data presented here for counties and higher-level units are taken from the published reports, as usual, but we also include in A Vision of Britain through Time data for Registration Districts, sub-Districts and Civil Parishes which never appeared in the original reports. These were specially created for us by the History Data Service at the University of Essex and derive from the complete transcription of the individual-level Enumerators Book data coordinated by the Genealogical Society of Utah.
2	In creating these data, each occupation listed in the enumerators books has been assigned as far as possible to the relevant category used in the published reports, but some additional categories with labels in square brackets unavoidably appear. Unlike the published statistics for higher-level units, these specially-calculated data for districts and parishes include persons under 15 or over 65. For these and other reasons, no attempt has been made to ensure that county totals for the districts or parishes match the published county totals. The remaining notes are those that appeared below the original published table.
3	NOTE.--Persons returned as engaged in more than one occupation have been referred to the one that appeared to be of most importance; or if there was no difference in this respect, to the one first given by the person in his or her return. In some cases special rules have been followed: e.g. "Clergyman and Schoolmaster" in combination has always been referred to "Schoolmaster"; a Member of Parliament or Peer engaged in any branch of commerce or industry has always been referred to this latter, not to "Peer, M.P.".
4	The numbers returned under any heading include Labourers, Apprentices, and Assistants, as well as Masters, but not Clerks, Messengers, Errand boys, Porters, or Watchmen, for which occupations there are special headings. Civil, Military, and Naval Clerks, Law, Bank, Insurance, and Railway Clerks, and Government and Railway Porters, are, however, exceptions to this rule. Many young persons, being Apprentices or Assistants, have therefore been referred to occupations usually followed by adults. Women also, chiefly widows or orphans carrying on the business of their deceased husbands or fathers, will sometimes be found under occupations commonly followed by men only.
5	Persons returned as retired from any business have not been referred to that business. Inmates of workhouses have been referred to their trades, unless their age or infirmities showed that they were past work. But persons who might be supposed to be only temporarily separated from their usual employment, such as Prisoners, and Patients in General Hospitals, have been classed under their usual occupations.
6	In some cases, for convenience of space, the male designation, e.g. "Schoolmaster", alone is given, instead of "Schoolmaster, Schoolmistress".

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This website does not try to provide an exact replica of the original printed census tables, which often had thousands of rows and far more columns than will fit on our web pages. Instead, we let you drill down from national totals to the most detailed data available. The column headings are those that appeared in the original printed report. The numbers presented here, which are the same ones we use to create statistical maps and graphs, come from the census table and have usually been carefully checked.

The system can only hold statistics for units listed in our administrative gazetteer, so some rows from the original table may be missing. Sometimes big low-level units, like urban parishes, were divided between more than one higher-level units, like Registration sub-Districts. This is why some pages will give a higher figure for a lower-level unit: it covers the whole of the lower-level unit, not just the part within the current higher-level unit.

Acknowledgments:

We are grateful to the following contributors. If you make use of the data in your own work, please follow any instructions given here on acknowledgment and re-use.

(1) Kevin Schurer (Department of Geography, University of Cambridge). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)

(2) Matthew Woollard (UK Data Service, University of Essex). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)