Vision of Britain | 1881 Census: Ages

1881 Census of England and Wales, Tables: Ages, Condition as to Marriage, Occupations and Birthplaces of people, Table 10 : " Occupations of Males and Females in the Division and its Registration Counties".

Show Barton Regis RegD/PLU table	Clifton CP/AP

OCCUPATIONS.	Males. [1]	Females. [2]
1. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE GENERAL OR LOCAL GOVERNMENT OF THE COUNTRY.	168	9
Peer, M.P., Privy Councillor (not otherwise described)	1	-
Civil Service (officers and clerks)	51	2
Civil Service (messengers, &c.)	36	2
Police	61	-
Municipal, Parish, Union, District, Officer	11	2
Other Local or County Official	5	-
East Indian and Colonial Service	3	3
2. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE DEFENCE OF THE COUNTRY.	136	5
Army Officer (effective/retired)	49	1
Soldier and Non-commissioned officer	24	-
Militia, Yeomanry, Volunteers	9	-
Army Pensioner	8	4
Navy Officer (effective/retired)	15	-
Seaman, R.N.	18	-
Royal Marines (officers/men)	2	-
Navy Pensioner	11	-
3. PERSONS ENGAGED IN PROFESSIONAL OCCUPATIONS (WITH THEIR IMMEDIATE SUBORDINATES).	559	464
Clergymen (Established Church)	59	-
Roman Catholic Priest	7	-
Minister, Priest of other religious bodies	13	-
Missionary, Scripture Reader, Itinerant preacher	4	3
Nun, Sister of Charity	-	2
Theological Student	2	-
Church, chapel, cemetery - officer, servant	5	3
Barrister, Solicitor	74	-
Law Student	4	-
Law Clerk, and others connected with the law	48	-
Physician, Surgeon, General Practitioner	50	2
Dentist	13	-
Medical Student, Assistant	16	-
Midwife	-	1
Subordinate Medical Service	2	79
Schoolmaster	93	178
Teacher, Professor, Lecturer	25	129
School Service, and others connected with teaching	1	7
Author, Editor, Journalist	8	-
Reporter, Short-hand Writer	2	-
Persons engaged in Scientific Pursuits	5	-
Literary, Scientific, Institution, Service, &c.	3	-
Civil Engineer	19	-
Mining Engineer	1	-
Land, House, Ship, Surveyor	7	-
Painter (artist)	22	14
Engraver (artist)	4	-
Sculptor	1	-
Architect	12	-
Musician, Music Master	28	33
Art Student	4	7
Photographer	11	6
Actor	3	-
Art, Music, Theatre Service	2	-
Performer, Showman, Exhibition, Service	1	-
Billiard, Cricket & other Games, Service	10	-
4. PERSONS ENGAGED IN DOMESTIC OFFICES OR SERVICES.	450	4,584
Domestic Coachman, Groom	175	1
Domestic Gardener	103	-
Domestic Indoor Servant	130	4,101
Lodge, Gate, Park Keeper (not Government)	3	-
Inn, Hotel Servant	35	41
Office Keeper (not Government)	1	2
Cook (not domestic)	1	19
Charwoman	-	129
Washing and Bathing Service	2	282
Hospital and Institution Service	-	9
5. PERSONS ENGAGED IN COMMERCIAL OCCUPATIONS.	467	17
Merchant	21	-
Broker, Agent, Factor	43	-
Auctioneer, Appraiser, Valuer, House Agent	18	-
Accountant	45	-
Salesman, Buyer (not otherwise specified)	-	1
Commercial Traveller	47	-
Commercial Clerk	209	16
Officer of Commercial Company, Guild, Society &c.	3	-
Banker	8	-
Bank Service	45	-
Life, House, Ship &c., Insurance Service	28	-
6. PERSONS ENGAGED IN CONVEYANCE OF MEN, GOODS, AND MESSAGES.	647	11
Railway Engine Driver, Stoker	1	-
Other Railway Officials and Servants	22	2
Toll Collector, Turnpike Gate Keeper	3	-
Omnibus, Coach, Cab, Owner - Livery Stable Keeper	40	1
Cabman, Flyman, Coachman (not domestic)	80	-
Carman, Carrier, Carter, Haulier	33	1
Tramway Companies' Service	2	-
Wheel Chair Proprietor, Attendant &c.	37	1
Inland Navigation Service	1	-
Bargeman, Lighterman, Waterman	24	1
Navigation Service (on shore)	1	-
Seaman (Merchant Service)	190	-
Pilot	2	-
Ship Steward, Cook	3	2
Boatman on Seas	1	-
Harbour, Dock, Wharf, Lighthouse Service	44	-
Warehouseman (not Manchester)	10	-
Messenger, Porter, Watchman (not Railway or Government)	150	-
Telegraph, Telephone Service	3	3
7. PERSONS ENGAGED IN AGRICULTURE.	78	4
Farmer, Grazier	10	1
Farmer's, Grazier's - Son, Grandson, Brother, Nephew	1	-
Farm Bailiff	1	-
Agricultural Labourer, Farm Servant, Cottager	2	3
Shepherd	1	-
Others engaged in, or connected with agriculture	1	-
Woodman	1	-
Nurseryman, Seedsman, Florist	11	-
Gardener (not domestic)	50	-
8. PERSONS ENGAGED ABOUT ANIMALS.	33	1
Groom, Horse-keeper, Horse-breaker	22	-
Veterinary Surgeon, Farrier	7	-
Cattle, Sheep, Pig - Dealer, Salesman	1	-
Gamekeeper	-	1
Dog, Bird, Animal - Keeper, Dealer	3	-
9. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN BOOKS, PRINTS, AND MAPS.	59	24
Publisher, Bookseller, Librarian	9	11
Music-Publisher, Seller, Printer	3	-
Bookbinder	7	7
Printer	28	1
Newspaper Agent, News Room Keeper	7	3
Lithographer, Lithographic Printer	5	2
10. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN MACHINES AND IMPLEMENTS.	136	2
Engine, Machine Maker	21	-
Millwright	2	-
Fitter, Turner (Engine and Machine)	35	-
Boiler Maker	41	1
Cutler, Scissors Maker	2	-
Watch Maker, Clock Maker	23	-
Philosophical Instrument Maker	2	-
Weighing and Measuring Apparatus Maker	1	-
Surgical Instrument Maker	-	1
Musical Instrument Maker, Dealer	8	-
Toy Maker, Dealer	1	-
11. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN HOUSES, FURNITURE, AND DECORATIONS.	691	21
Builder	36	1
Carpenter, Joiner	190	1
Bricklayer	3	-
Mason	170	2
Slater, Tiler	1	-
Plasterer, Whitewasher	33	-
Paperhanger	1	-
Plumber	56	-
Painter, Glazier	114	-
Cabinet Maker	39	17
French Polisher	8	-
Furniture Broker, Dealer	4	-
Locksmith, Bellhanger	2	-
Gas Fitter	14	-
House and Shop Fittings - Maker, Dealer	7	-
Others	1	-
Wood Carver	3	-
Carver, Gilder	6	-
Dealer in Works of Art	1	-
Animal, Bird &c. Preserver, Naturalist	2	-
12. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CARRIAGES AND HARNESS.	32	1
Coachmaker	17	1
Railway Carriage, Railway Wagon, Maker	1	-
Wheelwright	4	-
Saddler, Harness, Whip Maker	10	-
13. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN SHIPS AND BOATS.	103	1
Ship, Boat, Barge Builder	22	-
Shipwright, Ship Carpenter (ashore)	71	1
Mast, Yard, Oar, Block Maker	2	-
Ship Rigger, Chandler, Fitter	4	-
Sail Maker	4	-
14. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CHEMICALS AND COMPOUNDS.	48	1
Dye, Paint Manufacture	5	-
Fusee, Fireworks, Explosive Article Manufacture	1	-
Chemist, Druggist	37	-
Manufacturing Chemist	5	1
15. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TOBACCO AND PIPES.	16	8
Tobacco Manufacture, Tobacconist	16	8
16. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN FOOD AND LODGING.	573	280
Innkeeper, Hotel Keeper, Publican	42	18
Lodging, Boarding House Keeper	46	174
Coffee, Eating House, Keeper	7	8
Hop - Merchant, Dealer	1	-
Maltster	4	-
Brewer	21	-
Beerseller, Ale, Porter, Cider Dealer	14	7
Cellarman	5	-
Wine, Spirit - Merchant, Agent	42	-
Milkseller, Dairyman	50	7
Butcher, Meat Salesman	60	6
Provision Curer, Dealer	11	1
Poulterer, Game Dealer	5	3
Fishmonger	12	1
Corn, Flour, Seed Merchant, Dealer	13	-
Corn Miller	1	-
Baker	79	11
Confectioner, Pastrycook	16	8
Greengrocer, Fruiterer	31	21
Mustard, Vinegar, Spice, Pickle Maker, Dealer	3	-
Sugar Refiner	4	-
Grocer. Tea, Coffee, Chocolate Maker, Dealer	103	15
Ginger Beer, Mineral Water Manufacturer, Dealer	3	-
17. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TEXTILE FABRICS.	70	104
Woollen Cloth Manufacture	1	1
Silk Merchant, Dealer	1	-
Cotton, Cotton Goods Manufacture	1	-
Cotton, Calico - Warehouseman, Dealer	1	-
Flax, Linen - Manufacturer, Dealer	3	-
Lace Manufacturer, Dealer	1	3
Rope, Twine, Cord - Maker, Dealer	2	-
Dyer, Printer, Scourer, Bleacher, Calenderer (undefined)	-	1
Carpet, Rug Manufacture	2	-
Manchester Warehouseman	3	1
Draper, Linen Draper, Mercer	55	89
Fancy Goods (Textile) Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	-	9
18. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN DRESS.	184	757
Hatter, Hat Manufacture	4	3
Tailor	57	89
Milliner, Dressmaker, Staymaker	7	558
Shirt Maker, Seamstress	-	75
Hosiery Manufacture	1	-
Hosier, Haberdasher	5	2
Shoe, Boot - Maker, Dealer	98	26
Wig Maker, Hair Dresser	10	2
Umbrella, Parasol, Stick - Maker, Dealer	1	2
Old Clothes Dealer, and others	1	-
19. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS ANIMAL SUBSTANCES.	21	3
Soap Boiler, Maker	3	-
Furrier, Skinner	1	-
Tanner, Fellmonger	5	1
Currier	8	-
Leather Goods, Portmanteau, Bag, Strap &c., Maker, Dealer	1	-
Brush, Broom, Maker	3	-
Quill, Feather - Dresser, Dealer	-	2
20. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES.	84	12
Oil Miller, Oil Cake - Maker, Dealer	5	1
Oil and Colourman	4	-
Floor Cloth, Oil Cloth Manufacture	3	-
Willow, Cane, Rush Worker, Dealer, Basketmaker	3	2
Hay, Straw (not plait), Chaff, Cutter, Dealer	1	-
Timber, Wood - Merchant, Dealer	26	-
Sawyer	14	-
Lath, Wooden Fence, Hurdle Maker	4	-
Wood Turner, Box Maker	2	-
Cooper, Hoop Maker, Bender	7	-
Cork, Bark - Cutter, Worker, Dealer	1	-
Paper Manufacture	4	-
Stationer, Law Stationer	8	8
Paper Box, Paper Bag Maker	1	1
Ticket, Label Writer	1	-
21. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS MINERAL SUBSTANCES.	305	4
Coal Miner	2	-
Copper Miner	1	-
Miner, in other or undefined Minerals	1	-
Mine Service	2	-
[Haulier] [not in Census Report but in codebook]	28	-
Coal Merchant	15	-
Coalheaver	12	1
Gas Works Service	27	-
Stone Quarrier	58	-
Stone Cutter, Dresser, Dealer	8	1
Slate Worker, Dealer	1	-
Plaster, Cement Manufacture	1	-
Brick, Tile - Maker, Burner, Dealer	3	-
Road Labourer	2	-
Railway Contractor	1	-
Platelayer	2	-
Railway Labourer, Navvy	7	-
Earthenware, China, Porcelain, Manufacture	3	-
Glass Manufacture	3	-
Earthenware, China, Glass Dealer	5	2
Waterworks Service	1	-
Goldsmith, Silversmith, Jeweller	7	-
[Iron Manufacture]	21	-
Blacksmith	41	-
Whitesmith	2	-
Ironmonger. Hardware Dealer, Merchant	33	-
[Coppersmith]	1	-
Tin, Tin Plate, Tin Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	4	-
Lead, Leaden Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	2	-
Metal Refiner, Worker, Turner, Dealer	2	-
Brass, Bronze Manufacture. Brazier	6	-
White Metal, Plated Ware, Manufacture. Pewterer	3	-
22. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN GENERAL OR UNSPECIFIED COMMODITIES.	425	51
General Shopkeeper, Dealer	17	28
Pawnbroker	8	1
Costermonger, Huckster, Street Seller	-	1
Manufacturer, Manager, Superintendant (undefined)	2	2
Contractor (undefined)	2	-
General Labourer	363	4
Engine Driver, Stoker, Fireman (not railway, marine or agricultural)	22	-
Artizan, Mechanic (undefined)	6	12
Apprentice (undefined)	2	1
Factory Labourer (undefined)	2	-
Machinist, Machine Worker (undefined)	1	2
23. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN REFUSE MATTERS.	12	2
Town Drainage Service	5	-
Chimney Sweep, Soot Merchant	7	2
24. PERSONS WITHOUT SPECIFIED OCCUPATIONS.	689	1,915
Persons returned by Property, Rank &c. and not special occupation	689	1,915
[UNKNOWN OCCUPATION]	82	3,315
[Occupation recorded but of unknown meaning]	6	1
[Blank field, or illegible]	76	3,314

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Notes:

The following notes to the table appeared in the original report.

1	This table is a very special case: The original Table 10 as published by Division in the 1881 census reports was limited to data for Registration Divisions, their component Registration Counties, and just those Urban Sanitary Districts with populations of over 50,000. Data presented here for counties and higher-level units are taken from the published reports, as usual, but we also include in A Vision of Britain through Time data for Registration Districts, sub-Districts and Civil Parishes which never appeared in the original reports. These were specially created for us by the History Data Service at the University of Essex and derive from the complete transcription of the individual-level Enumerators Book data coordinated by the Genealogical Society of Utah.
2	In creating these data, each occupation listed in the enumerators books has been assigned as far as possible to the relevant category used in the published reports, but some additional categories with labels in square brackets unavoidably appear. Unlike the published statistics for higher-level units, these specially-calculated data for districts and parishes include persons under 15 or over 65. For these and other reasons, no attempt has been made to ensure that county totals for the districts or parishes match the published county totals. The remaining notes are those that appeared below the original published table.
3	NOTE.--Persons returned as engaged in more than one occupation have been referred to the one that appeared to be of most importance; or if there was no difference in this respect, to the one first given by the person in his or her return. In some cases special rules have been followed: e.g. "Clergyman and Schoolmaster" in combination has always been referred to "Schoolmaster"; a Member of Parliament or Peer engaged in any branch of commerce or industry has always been referred to this latter, not to "Peer, M.P.".
4	The numbers returned under any heading include Labourers, Apprentices, and Assistants, as well as Masters, but not Clerks, Messengers, Errand boys, Porters, or Watchmen, for which occupations there are special headings. Civil, Military, and Naval Clerks, Law, Bank, Insurance, and Railway Clerks, and Government and Railway Porters, are, however, exceptions to this rule. Many young persons, being Apprentices or Assistants, have therefore been referred to occupations usually followed by adults. Women also, chiefly widows or orphans carrying on the business of their deceased husbands or fathers, will sometimes be found under occupations commonly followed by men only.
5	Persons returned as retired from any business have not been referred to that business. Inmates of workhouses have been referred to their trades, unless their age or infirmities showed that they were past work. But persons who might be supposed to be only temporarily separated from their usual employment, such as Prisoners, and Patients in General Hospitals, have been classed under their usual occupations.
6	In some cases, for convenience of space, the male designation, e.g. "Schoolmaster", alone is given, instead of "Schoolmaster, Schoolmistress".

This website does not try to provide an exact replica of the original printed census tables, which often had thousands of rows and far more columns than will fit on our web pages. Instead, we let you drill down from national totals to the most detailed data available. The column headings are those that appeared in the original printed report. The numbers presented here, which are the same ones we use to create statistical maps and graphs, come from the census table and have usually been carefully checked.

The system can only hold statistics for units listed in our administrative gazetteer, so some rows from the original table may be missing. Sometimes big low-level units, like urban parishes, were divided between more than one higher-level units, like Registration sub-Districts. This is why some pages will give a higher figure for a lower-level unit: it covers the whole of the lower-level unit, not just the part within the current higher-level unit.

Acknowledgments:

We are grateful to the following contributors. If you make use of the data in your own work, please follow any instructions given here on acknowledgment and re-use.

(1) Kevin Schurer (Department of Geography, University of Cambridge). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)

(2) Matthew Woollard (UK Data Service, University of Essex). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)