Vision of Britain | 1881 Census: Ages

1881 Census of England and Wales, Tables: Ages, Condition as to Marriage, Occupations and Birthplaces of people, Table 10 : " Occupations of Males and Females in the Division and its Registration Counties".

List Sunderland RegD/PLU	Bishopwearmouth CP/AP

OCCUPATIONS.	Males. [1]	Females. [2]
1. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE GENERAL OR LOCAL GOVERNMENT OF THE COUNTRY.	243	9
Civil Service (officers and clerks)	73	1
Civil Service (messengers, &c.)	36	5
Prison Service, &c.	1	-
Police	99	-
Municipal, Parish, Union, District, Officer	27	3
Other Local or County Official	7	-
2. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE DEFENCE OF THE COUNTRY.	56	-
Army Officer (effective/retired)	4	-
Soldier and Non-commissioned officer	8	-
Militia, Yeomanry, Volunteers	2	-
Army Pensioner	9	-
Navy Officer (effective/retired)	6	-
Seaman, R.N.	22	-
Royal Marines (officers/men)	2	-
Navy Pensioner	3	-
3. PERSONS ENGAGED IN PROFESSIONAL OCCUPATIONS (WITH THEIR IMMEDIATE SUBORDINATES).	548	510
Clergymen (Established Church)	27	-
Roman Catholic Priest	3	-
Minister, Priest of other religious bodies	23	-
Missionary, Scripture Reader, Itinerant preacher	10	5
Nun, Sister of Charity	-	14
Theological Student	1	-
Church, chapel, cemetery - officer, servant	3	16
Barrister, Solicitor	52	-
Law Student	6	-
Law Clerk, and others connected with the law	70	-
Physician, Surgeon, General Practitioner	34	-
Dentist	12	-
Medical Student, Assistant	16	-
Midwife	-	2
Subordinate Medical Service	9	112
Schoolmaster	90	242
Teacher, Professor, Lecturer	11	66
School Service, and others connected with teaching	5	6
Author, Editor, Journalist	15	-
Reporter, Short-hand Writer	6	-
Persons engaged in Scientific Pursuits	1	-
Literary, Scientific, Institution, Service, &c.	3	1
Civil Engineer	16	-
Mining Engineer	10	-
Land, House, Ship, Surveyor	7	-
Painter (artist)	11	2
Engraver (artist)	2	-
Sculptor	3	-
Architect	21	-
Musician, Music Master	33	32
Art Student	2	-
Photographer	20	3
Actor	9	7
Art, Music, Theatre Service	1	1
Performer, Showman, Exhibition, Service	3	-
Billiard, Cricket & other Games, Service	13	1
4. PERSONS ENGAGED IN DOMESTIC OFFICES OR SERVICES.	323	3,668
Domestic Coachman, Groom	93	-
Domestic Gardener	61	1
Domestic Indoor Servant	44	3,244
Inn, Hotel Servant	100	31
College, Club Service	7	5
Office Keeper (not Government)	6	30
Cook (not domestic)	-	2
Charwoman	-	121
Washing and Bathing Service	4	222
Hospital and Institution Service	7	12
Others engaged in Service	1	-
5. PERSONS ENGAGED IN COMMERCIAL OCCUPATIONS.	998	32
Merchant	15	-
Broker, Agent, Factor	144	1
Auctioneer, Appraiser, Valuer, House Agent	29	-
Accountant	47	-
Salesman, Buyer (not otherwise specified)	3	16
Commercial Traveller	108	-
Commercial Clerk	539	13
Officer of Commercial Company, Guild, Society &c.	3	1
Banker	2	-
Bank Service	33	-
Bill Discounter, Bill Broker, Finance Agent	6	-
Life, House, Ship &c., Insurance Service	69	1
6. PERSONS ENGAGED IN CONVEYANCE OF MEN, GOODS, AND MESSAGES.	2,470	24
Railway Engine Driver, Stoker	80	-
Railway Guard	40	-
Pointsman, Level Crossing Man	5	-
Other Railway Officials and Servants	126	-
Omnibus, Coach, Cab, Owner - Livery Stable Keeper	13	1
Cabman, Flyman, Coachman (not domestic)	45	1
Carman, Carrier, Carter, Haulier	376	-
Tramway Companies' Service	19	-
Inland Navigation Service	1	-
Bargeman, Lighterman, Waterman	43	1
Navigation Service (on shore)	67	2
Seaman (Merchant Service)	1,339	12
Pilot	45	-
Ship Steward, Cook	22	1
Harbour, Dock, Wharf, Lighthouse Service	96	-
Warehouseman (not Manchester)	32	1
Meter, Weigher	2	-
Messenger, Porter, Watchman (not Railway or Government)	107	4
Telegraph, Telephone Service	12	1
7. PERSONS ENGAGED IN AGRICULTURE.	188	25
Farmer, Grazier	24	4
Farmer's, Grazier's - Son, Grandson, Brother, Nephew	5	-
Farm Bailiff	9	-
Agricultural Labourer, Farm Servant, Cottager	76	18
Land Drainage Service (not in towns)	1	-
Agricultural Machine - Proprietor, Attendant	1	-
Woodman	1	-
Nurseryman, Seedsman, Florist	6	2
Gardener (not domestic)	65	1
8. PERSONS ENGAGED ABOUT ANIMALS.	105	3
Horse Proprietor, Breeder, Dealer	4	-
Groom, Horse-keeper, Horse-breaker	28	1
Veterinary Surgeon, Farrier	11	-
Cattle, Sheep, Pig - Dealer, Salesman	2	-
Fisherman	60	2
9. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN BOOKS, PRINTS, AND MAPS.	181	18
Publisher, Bookseller, Librarian	13	3
Music-Publisher, Seller, Printer	4	-
Bookbinder	14	12
Printer	136	1
Newspaper Agent, News Room Keeper	5	2
Lithographer, Lithographic Printer	9	-
10. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN MACHINES AND IMPLEMENTS.	1,361	9
Engine, Machine Maker	261	2
Millwright	18	-
Fitter, Turner (Engine and Machine)	575	1
Boiler Maker	393	2
Agricultural Machine and Implement Maker	1	-
Tool Maker, Dealer	3	-
Cutler, Scissors Maker	4	-
File Maker	16	-
Saw Maker	1	-
Watch Maker, Clock Maker	46	1
Philosophical Instrument Maker	22	1
Electrical Apparatus Maker	6	-
Weighing and Measuring Apparatus Maker	3	-
Gunsmith, Gun Manufacturer	2	-
Musical Instrument Maker, Dealer	9	-
Toy Maker, Dealer	1	2
11. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN HOUSES, FURNITURE, AND DECORATIONS.	2,166	42
Builder	63	-
Carpenter, Joiner	744	2
Bricklayer	172	-
Mason	312	2
Slater, Tiler	59	-
Plasterer, Whitewasher	29	-
Paperhanger	10	2
Plumber	171	2
Painter, Glazier	338	3
Cabinet Maker	168	17
French Polisher	26	10
Furniture Broker, Dealer	12	4
Gas Fitter	9	-
House and Shop Fittings - Maker, Dealer	1	-
Funeral Furniture Maker, Undertaker	1	-
Others	1	-
Wood Carver	13	-
Carver, Gilder	32	-
Dealer in Works of Art	2	-
Figure, Image - Maker, Dealer	1	-
Animal, Bird &c. Preserver, Naturalist	1	-
Artificial Flower Maker	1	-
12. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CARRIAGES AND HARNESS.	65	-
Coachmaker	17	-
Railway Carriage, Railway Wagon, Maker	3	-
Wheelwright	2	-
Others	18	-
Saddler, Harness, Whip Maker	25	-
13. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN SHIPS AND BOATS.	2,584	13
Ship, Boat, Barge Builder	1,744	9
Shipwright, Ship Carpenter (ashore)	727	4
Mast, Yard, Oar, Block Maker	31	-
Ship Rigger, Chandler, Fitter	30	-
Sail Maker	52	-
14. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CHEMICALS AND COMPOUNDS.	106	2
Dye, Paint Manufacture	4	1
Chemist, Druggist	88	1
Manufacturing Chemist	12	-
Drysalter	2	-
15. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TOBACCO AND PIPES.	41	7
Tobacco Manufacture, Tobacconist	35	7
Tobacco Pipe, Snuff Box &c. Maker	6	-
16. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN FOOD AND LODGING.	1,232	333
Innkeeper, Hotel Keeper, Publican	88	25
Lodging, Boarding House Keeper	3	83
Coffee, Eating House, Keeper	4	3
Hop - Merchant, Dealer	1	-
Maltster	6	-
Brewer	46	2
Beerseller, Ale, Porter, Cider Dealer	29	13
Cellarman	13	-
Wine, Spirit - Merchant, Agent	27	2
Milkseller, Dairyman	18	9
Cheesemonger, Butterman	2	-
Butcher, Meat Salesman	324	10
Provision Curer, Dealer	44	10
Poulterer, Game Dealer	2	2
Fishmonger	31	9
Corn, Flour, Seed Merchant, Dealer	10	1
Corn Miller	33	-
Baker	33	-
Confectioner, Pastrycook	39	52
Greengrocer, Fruiterer	58	19
Grocer. Tea, Coffee, Chocolate Maker, Dealer	409	91
Ginger Beer, Mineral Water Manufacturer, Dealer	12	2
17. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TEXTILE FABRICS.	390	103
Woollen Cloth Manufacture	1	-
Cloth, Worsted, Stuff, Flannel, Blanket Dealer	-	2
Silk Merchant, Dealer	2	1
Flax, Linen - Manufacturer, Dealer	2	-
Rope, Twine, Cord - Maker, Dealer	61	24
Mat Maker, Seller	2	-
Canvas, Sailcloth Manufacture	3	-
Weaver (undefined)	1	3
Dyer, Printer, Scourer, Bleacher, Calenderer (undefined)	21	6
Factory Hand (textile, undefined)	1	1
Draper, Linen Draper, Mercer	292	63
Fancy Goods (Textile) Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	3	2
Trimming Maker, Dealer	1	-
Others	-	1
18. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN DRESS.	607	1,166
Hatter, Hat Manufacture	17	3
Straw - Hat, Bonnet, Plait Manufacture	-	8
Tailor	330	49
Milliner, Dressmaker, Staymaker	2	974
Shawl Manufacture	-	1
Shirt Maker, Seamstress	-	101
Hosiery Manufacture	-	5
Hosier, Haberdasher	5	11
Shoe, Boot - Maker, Dealer	187	11
Patten, Clog Maker	5	-
Wig Maker, Hair Dresser	56	-
Umbrella, Parasol, Stick - Maker, Dealer	5	-
Old Clothes Dealer, and others	-	3
19. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS ANIMAL SUBSTANCES.	26	5
Tallow Chandler, Candle, Grease Manufacture	7	-
Furrier, Skinner	1	-
Currier	8	1
Leather Goods, Portmanteau, Bag, Strap &c., Maker, Dealer	2	-
Brush, Broom, Maker	5	2
Quill, Feather - Dresser, Dealer	3	2
20. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES.	280	50
Oil Miller, Oil Cake - Maker, Dealer	5	-
Oil and Colourman	1	-
Floor Cloth, Oil Cloth Manufacture	1	-
India Rubber, Gutta Percha - Worker, Dealer	1	-
Waterproof Goods - Maker, Dealer	1	-
Willow, Cane, Rush Worker, Dealer, Basketmaker	5	-
Hay, Straw (not plait), Chaff, Cutter, Dealer	8	-
Timber, Wood - Merchant, Dealer	41	2
Sawyer	82	1
Lath, Wooden Fence, Hurdle Maker	2	-
Wood Turner, Box Maker	12	1
Cooper, Hoop Maker, Bender	24	-
Cork, Bark - Cutter, Worker, Dealer	12	-
Paper Manufacture	49	38
Stationer, Law Stationer	20	8
Paper Box, Paper Bag Maker	3	-
Ticket, Label Writer	2	-
Others	11	-
21. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS MINERAL SUBSTANCES.	2,942	68
Coal Miner	78	3
Ironstone Miner	3	1
Miner, in other or undefined Minerals	14	-
Mine Service	9	2
Coal Merchant	45	2
Coalheaver	200	1
Coke, Charcoal, Peat - Cutter, Burner, Dealer	3	-
Gas Works Service	42	-
Stone Quarrier	9	-
Stone Cutter, Dresser, Dealer	4	-
Slate Worker, Dealer	1	-
Limeburner	4	-
Clay, Sand, Gravel, Chalk, Labourer, Dealer	1	-
Plaster, Cement Manufacture	14	-
Brick, Tile - Maker, Burner, Dealer	42	1
Paviour	15	-
Road Labourer	20	-
Platelayer	34	-
Railway Labourer, Navvy	17	1
Earthenware, China, Porcelain, Manufacture	31	10
Glass Manufacture	865	26
Earthenware, China, Glass Dealer	9	4
Waterworks Service	5	-
Goldsmith, Silversmith, Jeweller	32	1
[Iron Manufacture]	511	5
Blacksmith	564	6
Whitesmith	21	-
Anchor, Chain Manufacture	41	-
Ironmonger. Hardware Dealer, Merchant	62	3
[Coppersmith]	25	-
Tin, Tin Plate, Tin Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	34	1
Metal Refiner, Worker, Turner, Dealer	12	-
Brass, Bronze Manufacture. Brazier	154	1
Wire Maker, Worker, Weaver, Drawer	8	-
Bolt, Nut, Rivet, Screw, Staple Maker	8	-
Lamp, Lantern, Candlestick Maker	1	-
Clasp, Buckle, Hinge Maker	1	-
Others	3	-
22. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN GENERAL OR UNSPECIFIED COMMODITIES.	1,948	178
General Shopkeeper, Dealer	54	77
Pawnbroker	25	14
Costermonger, Huckster, Street Seller	45	40
Manufacturer, Manager, Superintendant (undefined)	49	2
Contractor (undefined)	15	-
General Labourer	1,292	10
Engine Driver, Stoker, Fireman (not railway, marine or agricultural)	221	1
Artizan, Mechanic (undefined)	172	8
Apprentice (undefined)	37	3
Factory Labourer (undefined)	29	1
Machinist, Machine Worker (undefined)	9	22
23. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN REFUSE MATTERS.	21	1
Town Drainage Service	1	-
Chimney Sweep, Soot Merchant	18	1
Scavenger, Crossing Sweeper	2	-
24. PERSONS WITHOUT SPECIFIED OCCUPATIONS.	237	3,606
Persons returned by Property, Rank &c. and not special occupation	237	3,606
[UNKNOWN OCCUPATION]	497	12,202
[Occupation recorded but of unknown meaning]	15	8
[Blank field, or illegible]	482	12,194

Notes:

The following notes to the table appeared in the original report.

1	This table is a very special case: The original Table 10 as published by Division in the 1881 census reports was limited to data for Registration Divisions, their component Registration Counties, and just those Urban Sanitary Districts with populations of over 50,000. Data presented here for counties and higher-level units are taken from the published reports, as usual, but we also include in A Vision of Britain through Time data for Registration Districts, sub-Districts and Civil Parishes which never appeared in the original reports. These were specially created for us by the History Data Service at the University of Essex and derive from the complete transcription of the individual-level Enumerators Book data coordinated by the Genealogical Society of Utah.
2	In creating these data, each occupation listed in the enumerators books has been assigned as far as possible to the relevant category used in the published reports, but some additional categories with labels in square brackets unavoidably appear. Unlike the published statistics for higher-level units, these specially-calculated data for districts and parishes include persons under 15 or over 65. For these and other reasons, no attempt has been made to ensure that county totals for the districts or parishes match the published county totals. The remaining notes are those that appeared below the original published table.
3	NOTE.--Persons returned as engaged in more than one occupation have been referred to the one that appeared to be of most importance; or if there was no difference in this respect, to the one first given by the person in his or her return. In some cases special rules have been followed: e.g. "Clergyman and Schoolmaster" in combination has always been referred to "Schoolmaster"; a Member of Parliament or Peer engaged in any branch of commerce or industry has always been referred to this latter, not to "Peer, M.P.".
4	The numbers returned under any heading include Labourers, Apprentices, and Assistants, as well as Masters, but not Clerks, Messengers, Errand boys, Porters, or Watchmen, for which occupations there are special headings. Civil, Military, and Naval Clerks, Law, Bank, Insurance, and Railway Clerks, and Government and Railway Porters, are, however, exceptions to this rule. Many young persons, being Apprentices or Assistants, have therefore been referred to occupations usually followed by adults. Women also, chiefly widows or orphans carrying on the business of their deceased husbands or fathers, will sometimes be found under occupations commonly followed by men only.
5	Persons returned as retired from any business have not been referred to that business. Inmates of workhouses have been referred to their trades, unless their age or infirmities showed that they were past work. But persons who might be supposed to be only temporarily separated from their usual employment, such as Prisoners, and Patients in General Hospitals, have been classed under their usual occupations.
6	In some cases, for convenience of space, the male designation, e.g. "Schoolmaster", alone is given, instead of "Schoolmaster, Schoolmistress".

Click on the triangles for all about a particular number.

This website does not try to provide an exact replica of the original printed census tables, which often had thousands of rows and far more columns than will fit on our web pages. Instead, we let you drill down from national totals to the most detailed data available. The column headings are those that appeared in the original printed report. The numbers presented here, which are the same ones we use to create statistical maps and graphs, come from the census table and have usually been carefully checked.

The system can only hold statistics for units listed in our administrative gazetteer, so some rows from the original table may be missing. Sometimes big low-level units, like urban parishes, were divided between more than one higher-level units, like Registration sub-Districts. This is why some pages will give a higher figure for a lower-level unit: it covers the whole of the lower-level unit, not just the part within the current higher-level unit.

Acknowledgments:

We are grateful to the following contributors. If you make use of the data in your own work, please follow any instructions given here on acknowledgment and re-use.

(1) Kevin Schurer (Department of Geography, University of Cambridge). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)

(2) Matthew Woollard (UK Data Service, University of Essex). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)