1881 Census of England and Wales, Tables: Ages, Condition as to Marriage, Occupations and Birthplaces of people, Table 10 : " Occupations of Males and Females in the Division and its Registration Counties".

Show Cheshire RegC table Congleton RegD/PLU
OCCUPATIONS. Males.
[1]
Females.
[2]
1. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE GENERAL OR LOCAL GOVERNMENT OF THE COUNTRY. 68 Show data context 7 Show data context
  Civil Service (officers and clerks) 7 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Civil Service (messengers, &c.) 15 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Prison Service, &c. - 2 Show data context
  Police 27 Show data context -
  Municipal, Parish, Union, District, Officer 17 Show data context 3 Show data context
  Other Local or County Official 2 Show data context -
2. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE DEFENCE OF THE COUNTRY. 20 Show data context -
  Army Officer (effective/retired) 4 Show data context -
  Soldier and Non-commissioned officer 3 Show data context -
  Militia, Yeomanry, Volunteers 4 Show data context -
  Army Pensioner 6 Show data context -
  Navy Officer (effective/retired) 2 Show data context -
  Seaman, R.N. 1 Show data context -
3. PERSONS ENGAGED IN PROFESSIONAL OCCUPATIONS (WITH THEIR IMMEDIATE SUBORDINATES). 201 Show data context 194 Show data context
  Clergymen (Established Church) 20 Show data context -
  Roman Catholic Priest 1 Show data context -
  Minister, Priest of other religious bodies 12 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Theological Student 4 Show data context -
  Church, chapel, cemetery - officer, servant 3 Show data context -
  Barrister, Solicitor 13 Show data context -
  Law Clerk, and others connected with the law 29 Show data context -
  Physician, Surgeon, General Practitioner 13 Show data context -
  Dentist 3 Show data context -
  Medical Student, Assistant 6 Show data context -
  Midwife - 2 Show data context
  Subordinate Medical Service - 28 Show data context
  Schoolmaster 61 Show data context 140 Show data context
  Teacher, Professor, Lecturer 1 Show data context 14 Show data context
  School Service, and others connected with teaching 2 Show data context -
  Author, Editor, Journalist 2 Show data context -
  Persons engaged in Scientific Pursuits 1 Show data context -
  Civil Engineer 2 Show data context -
  Mining Engineer 7 Show data context -
  Land, House, Ship, Surveyor 2 Show data context -
  Painter (artist) 3 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Engraver (artist) 1 Show data context -
  Architect 1 Show data context -
  Musician, Music Master 7 Show data context 7 Show data context
  Art Student 1 Show data context -
  Photographer 5 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Actor 1 Show data context -
4. PERSONS ENGAGED IN DOMESTIC OFFICES OR SERVICES. 227 Show data context 1,868 Show data context
  Domestic Coachman, Groom 61 Show data context -
  Domestic Gardener 74 Show data context -
  Domestic Indoor Servant 78 Show data context 1,720 Show data context
  Lodge, Gate, Park Keeper (not Government) 1 Show data context -
  Inn, Hotel Servant 10 Show data context 24 Show data context
  College, Club Service 2 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Cook (not domestic) - 2 Show data context
  Charwoman - 45 Show data context
  Washing and Bathing Service - 75 Show data context
  Hospital and Institution Service 1 Show data context 1 Show data context
5. PERSONS ENGAGED IN COMMERCIAL OCCUPATIONS. 184 Show data context 6 Show data context
  Broker, Agent, Factor 16 Show data context -
  Auctioneer, Appraiser, Valuer, House Agent 7 Show data context -
  Accountant 4 Show data context -
  Salesman, Buyer (not otherwise specified) 1 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Commercial Traveller 30 Show data context -
  Commercial Clerk 98 Show data context 3 Show data context
  Officer of Commercial Company, Guild, Society &c. - 1 Show data context
  Bank Service 18 Show data context -
  Life, House, Ship &c., Insurance Service 10 Show data context 1 Show data context
6. PERSONS ENGAGED IN CONVEYANCE OF MEN, GOODS, AND MESSAGES. 435 Show data context 13 Show data context
  Railway Engine Driver, Stoker 2 Show data context -
  Railway Guard 4 Show data context -
  Pointsman, Level Crossing Man 23 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Other Railway Officials and Servants 113 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Toll Collector, Turnpike Gate Keeper - 2 Show data context
  Omnibus, Coach, Cab, Owner - Livery Stable Keeper 1 Show data context -
  Cabman, Flyman, Coachman (not domestic) 30 Show data context -
  Carman, Carrier, Carter, Haulier 79 Show data context -
  Inland Navigation Service 18 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Bargeman, Lighterman, Waterman 115 Show data context 5 Show data context
  Seaman (Merchant Service) 8 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Harbour, Dock, Wharf, Lighthouse Service 5 Show data context -
  Warehouseman (not Manchester) 1 Show data context -
  Messenger, Porter, Watchman (not Railway or Government) 35 Show data context -
  Telegraph, Telephone Service 1 Show data context 2 Show data context
7. PERSONS ENGAGED IN AGRICULTURE. 2,270 Show data context 136 Show data context
  Farmer, Grazier 563 Show data context 60 Show data context
  Farmer's, Grazier's - Son, Grandson, Brother, Nephew 274 Show data context -
  Farm Bailiff 13 Show data context 2 Show data context
  Agricultural Labourer, Farm Servant, Cottager 1,306 Show data context 73 Show data context
  Shepherd 1 Show data context -
  Agricultural Machine - Proprietor, Attendant 4 Show data context -
  Agricultural Student 3 Show data context -
  Woodman 2 Show data context -
  Nurseryman, Seedsman, Florist 9 Show data context -
  Gardener (not domestic) 95 Show data context 1 Show data context
8. PERSONS ENGAGED ABOUT ANIMALS. 105 Show data context -
  Groom, Horse-keeper, Horse-breaker 67 Show data context -
  Veterinary Surgeon, Farrier 4 Show data context -
  Cattle, Sheep, Pig - Dealer, Salesman 3 Show data context -
  Gamekeeper 27 Show data context -
  Dog, Bird, Animal - Keeper, Dealer 2 Show data context -
  Vermin Destroyer 2 Show data context -
9. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN BOOKS, PRINTS, AND MAPS. 16 Show data context 4 Show data context
  Publisher, Bookseller, Librarian 4 Show data context 2 Show data context
  Bookbinder 1 Show data context 2 Show data context
  Printer 10 Show data context -
  Newspaper Agent, News Room Keeper 1 Show data context -
10. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN MACHINES AND IMPLEMENTS. 161 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Engine, Machine Maker 38 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Millwright 7 Show data context -
  Fitter, Turner (Engine and Machine) 57 Show data context -
  Boiler Maker 23 Show data context -
  Spinning and Weaving Machine Maker 8 Show data context -
  Agricultural Machine and Implement Maker 8 Show data context -
  Cutler, Scissors Maker 3 Show data context -
  File Maker 1 Show data context -
  Watch Maker, Clock Maker 13 Show data context -
  Electrical Apparatus Maker 1 Show data context -
  Surgical Instrument Maker 1 Show data context -
  Musical Instrument Maker, Dealer 1 Show data context -
11. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN HOUSES, FURNITURE, AND DECORATIONS. 685 Show data context 6 Show data context
  Builder 19 Show data context -
  Carpenter, Joiner 223 Show data context -
  Bricklayer 182 Show data context -
  Mason 48 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Slater, Tiler 13 Show data context -
  Plasterer, Whitewasher 8 Show data context -
  Plumber 32 Show data context -
  Painter, Glazier 90 Show data context 4 Show data context
  Cabinet Maker 57 Show data context 1 Show data context
  French Polisher 1 Show data context -
  Furniture Broker, Dealer 2 Show data context -
  Gas Fitter 7 Show data context -
  Carver, Gilder 3 Show data context -
12. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CARRIAGES AND HARNESS. 115 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Coachmaker 21 Show data context -
  Railway Carriage, Railway Wagon, Maker 9 Show data context -
  Wheelwright 57 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Others 6 Show data context -
  Saddler, Harness, Whip Maker 22 Show data context -
13. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN SHIPS AND BOATS. 4 Show data context -
  Ship, Boat, Barge Builder 4 Show data context -
14. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CHEMICALS AND COMPOUNDS. 78 Show data context -
  Chemist, Druggist 19 Show data context -
  Manufacturing Chemist 38 Show data context -
  Alkali Manufacture 21 Show data context -
15. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TOBACCO AND PIPES. 2 Show data context -
  Tobacco Manufacture, Tobacconist 2 Show data context -
16. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN FOOD AND LODGING. 533 Show data context 144 Show data context
  Innkeeper, Hotel Keeper, Publican 72 Show data context 15 Show data context
  Lodging, Boarding House Keeper - 9 Show data context
  Coffee, Eating House, Keeper 2 Show data context -
  Brewer 7 Show data context -
  Beerseller, Ale, Porter, Cider Dealer 15 Show data context 7 Show data context
  Cellarman 1 Show data context -
  Wine, Spirit - Merchant, Agent 6 Show data context -
  Milkseller, Dairyman - 1 Show data context
  Cheesemonger, Butterman 3 Show data context -
  Butcher, Meat Salesman 85 Show data context 5 Show data context
  Provision Curer, Dealer 7 Show data context 5 Show data context
  Poulterer, Game Dealer 1 Show data context -
  Fishmonger 8 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Corn, Flour, Seed Merchant, Dealer 4 Show data context -
  Corn Miller 64 Show data context -
  Baker 47 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Confectioner, Pastrycook 10 Show data context 16 Show data context
  Greengrocer, Fruiterer 31 Show data context 7 Show data context
  Grocer. Tea, Coffee, Chocolate Maker, Dealer 166 Show data context 77 Show data context
  Ginger Beer, Mineral Water Manufacturer, Dealer 4 Show data context -
17. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TEXTILE FABRICS. 1,022 Show data context 2,255 Show data context
  Cloth, Worsted, Stuff, Flannel, Blanket Dealer 1 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Silk, Silk Goods, Manufacture 613 Show data context 1,682 Show data context
  Silk Dyer, Printer 1 Show data context -
  Ribbon Manufacture 40 Show data context -
  Crepe, Gauze Manufacture - 6 Show data context
  Silk Merchant, Dealer 6 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Cotton, Cotton Goods Manufacture 10 Show data context 34 Show data context
  Cotton, Calico - Warehouseman, Dealer 1 Show data context -
  Lace Manufacturer, Dealer - 1 Show data context
  Fustian Manufacturer, Dealer 271 Show data context 457 Show data context
  [Others] 9 Show data context 43 Show data context
  Rope, Twine, Cord - Maker, Dealer 3 Show data context -
  Weaver (undefined) - 2 Show data context
  Dyer, Printer, Scourer, Bleacher, Calenderer (undefined) - 1 Show data context
  Factory Hand (textile, undefined) 1 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Manchester Warehouseman 1 Show data context -
  Draper, Linen Draper, Mercer 63 Show data context 24 Show data context
  Fancy Goods (Textile) Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer - 1 Show data context
  Trimming Maker, Dealer 2 Show data context 1 Show data context
18. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN DRESS. 419 Show data context 472 Show data context
  Hatter, Hat Manufacture 3 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Straw - Hat, Bonnet, Plait Manufacture - 2 Show data context
  Tailor 124 Show data context 4 Show data context
  Milliner, Dressmaker, Staymaker - 381 Show data context
  Shirt Maker, Seamstress - 33 Show data context
  Hosier, Haberdasher - 2 Show data context
  Button Maker, Dealer - 4 Show data context
  Shoe, Boot - Maker, Dealer 248 Show data context 44 Show data context
  Patten, Clog Maker 32 Show data context -
  Wig Maker, Hair Dresser 10 Show data context -
  Umbrella, Parasol, Stick - Maker, Dealer 2 Show data context 1 Show data context
19. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS ANIMAL SUBSTANCES. 22 Show data context -
  Tallow Chandler, Candle, Grease Manufacture 1 Show data context -
  Manure Manufacture 1 Show data context -
  Bone, Horn, Ivory, Tortoise-shell - Worker, Dealer 13 Show data context -
  Tanner, Fellmonger 1 Show data context -
  Currier 5 Show data context -
  Brush, Broom, Maker 1 Show data context -
20. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES. 88 Show data context 8 Show data context
  Willow, Cane, Rush Worker, Dealer, Basketmaker 7 Show data context -
  Hay, Straw (not plait), Chaff, Cutter, Dealer 10 Show data context -
  Timber, Wood - Merchant, Dealer 6 Show data context -
  Sawyer 31 Show data context -
  Wood Turner, Box Maker 12 Show data context -
  Cooper, Hoop Maker, Bender 18 Show data context -
  Paper Manufacture - 4 Show data context
  Stationer, Law Stationer 2 Show data context -
  Card, Pattern Card Maker - 4 Show data context
  Others 2 Show data context -
21. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS MINERAL SUBSTANCES. 2,346 Show data context 10 Show data context
  Coal Miner 956 Show data context 2 Show data context
  Ironstone Miner 10 Show data context -
  Miner, in other or undefined Minerals 8 Show data context -
  Mine Service 6 Show data context -
  Coal Merchant 31 Show data context -
  Coalheaver 24 Show data context -
  Coke, Charcoal, Peat - Cutter, Burner, Dealer 2 Show data context -
  Gas Works Service 12 Show data context -
  Stone Quarrier 21 Show data context -
  Stone Cutter, Dresser, Dealer 3 Show data context -
  Limeburner 8 Show data context -
  Clay, Sand, Gravel, Chalk, Labourer, Dealer 14 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Well Sinker, Borer 2 Show data context -
  Brick, Tile - Maker, Burner, Dealer 67 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Paviour 5 Show data context -
  Road Contractor, Surveyor, Inspector 1 Show data context -
  Road Labourer 22 Show data context -
  Platelayer 55 Show data context -
  Railway Labourer, Navvy 20 Show data context -
  Earthenware, China, Porcelain, Manufacture 48 Show data context 3 Show data context
  Glass Manufacture 1 Show data context -
  Earthenware, China, Glass Dealer 8 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Salt Maker, Dealer 171 Show data context -
  Waterworks Service 2 Show data context -
  Goldsmith, Silversmith, Jeweller 2 Show data context -
  [Iron Manufacture] 572 Show data context 1 Show data context
  [Steel Manufacture] 3 Show data context -
  Blacksmith 184 Show data context -
  Whitesmith 8 Show data context -
  Nail Manufacture 6 Show data context -
  Ironmonger. Hardware Dealer, Merchant 15 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Other Iron and Steel Manufacture 1 Show data context -
  [Coppersmith] 11 Show data context -
  Tin, Tin Plate, Tin Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer 18 Show data context -
  Metal Refiner, Worker, Turner, Dealer 10 Show data context -
  Brass, Bronze Manufacture. Brazier 1 Show data context -
  Wire Maker, Worker, Weaver, Drawer 17 Show data context -
  Lamp, Lantern, Candlestick Maker 1 Show data context -
22. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN GENERAL OR UNSPECIFIED COMMODITIES. 699 Show data context 78 Show data context
  General Shopkeeper, Dealer 25 Show data context 25 Show data context
  Pawnbroker 4 Show data context -
  Costermonger, Huckster, Street Seller 34 Show data context 19 Show data context
  Manufacturer, Manager, Superintendant (undefined) 3 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Contractor (undefined) 1 Show data context 1 Show data context
  General Labourer 456 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Engine Driver, Stoker, Fireman (not railway, marine or agricultural) 114 Show data context 6 Show data context
  Artizan, Mechanic (undefined) 40 Show data context 8 Show data context
  Apprentice (undefined) 5 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Factory Labourer (undefined) 12 Show data context 3 Show data context
  Machinist, Machine Worker (undefined) 5 Show data context 13 Show data context
23. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN REFUSE MATTERS. 11 Show data context -
  Town Drainage Service 2 Show data context -
  Chimney Sweep, Soot Merchant 7 Show data context -
  Rag Gatherer, Dealer 2 Show data context -
24. PERSONS WITHOUT SPECIFIED OCCUPATIONS. 153 Show data context 1,684 Show data context
  Persons returned by Property, Rank &c. and not special occupation 153 Show data context 1,684 Show data context
[UNKNOWN OCCUPATION] 65 Show data context 3,963 Show data context
  [Occupation recorded but of unknown meaning] 2 Show data context 3 Show data context
  [Blank field, or illegible] 63 Show data context 3,960 Show data context

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Notes:

The following notes to the table appeared in the original report.

1 This table is a very special case: The original Table 10 as published by Division in the 1881 census reports was limited to data for Registration Divisions, their component Registration Counties, and just those Urban Sanitary Districts with populations of over 50,000. Data presented here for counties and higher-level units are taken from the published reports, as usual, but we also include in A Vision of Britain through Time data for Registration Districts, sub-Districts and Civil Parishes which never appeared in the original reports. These were specially created for us by the History Data Service at the University of Essex and derive from the complete transcription of the individual-level Enumerators Book data coordinated by the Genealogical Society of Utah.
2 In creating these data, each occupation listed in the enumerators books has been assigned as far as possible to the relevant category used in the published reports, but some additional categories with labels in square brackets unavoidably appear. Unlike the published statistics for higher-level units, these specially-calculated data for districts and parishes include persons under 15 or over 65. For these and other reasons, no attempt has been made to ensure that county totals for the districts or parishes match the published county totals. The remaining notes are those that appeared below the original published table.
3 NOTE.--Persons returned as engaged in more than one occupation have been referred to the one that appeared to be of most importance; or if there was no difference in this respect, to the one first given by the person in his or her return. In some cases special rules have been followed: e.g. "Clergyman and Schoolmaster" in combination has always been referred to "Schoolmaster"; a Member of Parliament or Peer engaged in any branch of commerce or industry has always been referred to this latter, not to "Peer, M.P.".
4 The numbers returned under any heading include Labourers, Apprentices, and Assistants, as well as Masters, but not Clerks, Messengers, Errand boys, Porters, or Watchmen, for which occupations there are special headings. Civil, Military, and Naval Clerks, Law, Bank, Insurance, and Railway Clerks, and Government and Railway Porters, are, however, exceptions to this rule. Many young persons, being Apprentices or Assistants, have therefore been referred to occupations usually followed by adults. Women also, chiefly widows or orphans carrying on the business of their deceased husbands or fathers, will sometimes be found under occupations commonly followed by men only.
5 Persons returned as retired from any business have not been referred to that business. Inmates of workhouses have been referred to their trades, unless their age or infirmities showed that they were past work. But persons who might be supposed to be only temporarily separated from their usual employment, such as Prisoners, and Patients in General Hospitals, have been classed under their usual occupations.
6 In some cases, for convenience of space, the male designation, e.g. "Schoolmaster", alone is given, instead of "Schoolmaster, Schoolmistress".

This website does not try to provide an exact replica of the original printed census tables, which often had thousands of rows and far more columns than will fit on our web pages. Instead, we let you drill down from national totals to the most detailed data available. The column headings are those that appeared in the original printed report. The numbers presented here, which are the same ones we use to create statistical maps and graphs, come from the census table and have usually been carefully checked.

The system can only hold statistics for units listed in our administrative gazetteer, so some rows from the original table may be missing. Sometimes big low-level units, like urban parishes, were divided between more than one higher-level units, like Registration sub-Districts. This is why some pages will give a higher figure for a lower-level unit: it covers the whole of the lower-level unit, not just the part within the current higher-level unit.


Acknowledgments:

We are grateful to the following contributors. If you make use of the data in your own work, please follow any instructions given here on acknowledgment and re-use.

(1) Kevin Schurer (Department of Geography, University of Cambridge). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)

(2) Matthew Woollard (UK Data Service, University of Essex). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)