Vision of Britain | 1881 Census: Ages

1881 Census of England and Wales, Tables: Ages, Condition as to Marriage, Occupations and Birthplaces of people, Table 10 : " Occupations of Males and Females in the Division and its Registration Counties".

List Warrington RegD/PLU	Newton in Makerfield SubD

OCCUPATIONS.	Males. [1]	Females. [2]
1. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE GENERAL OR LOCAL GOVERNMENT OF THE COUNTRY.	23	5
Civil Service (officers and clerks)	2	4
Civil Service (messengers, &c.)	6	-
Prison Service, &c.	1	1
Police	10	-
Municipal, Parish, Union, District, Officer	4	-
2. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE DEFENCE OF THE COUNTRY.	5	-
Army Officer (effective/retired)	2	-
Soldier and Non-commissioned officer	1	-
Militia, Yeomanry, Volunteers	2	-
3. PERSONS ENGAGED IN PROFESSIONAL OCCUPATIONS (WITH THEIR IMMEDIATE SUBORDINATES).	80	71
Clergymen (Established Church)	5	-
Roman Catholic Priest	1	-
Minister, Priest of other religious bodies	4	-
Missionary, Scripture Reader, Itinerant preacher	1	1
Church, chapel, cemetery - officer, servant	3	-
Barrister, Solicitor	2	-
Physician, Surgeon, General Practitioner	7	-
Medical Student, Assistant	5	-
Midwife	-	3
Subordinate Medical Service	-	2
Schoolmaster	13	53
Teacher, Professor, Lecturer	3	5
School Service, and others connected with teaching	1	1
Author, Editor, Journalist	1	-
Civil Engineer	5	-
Mining Engineer	8	-
Painter (artist)	1	-
Architect	3	-
Musician, Music Master	3	3
Art Student	1	1
Actor	2	2
Performer, Showman, Exhibition, Service	8	-
Billiard, Cricket & other Games, Service	3	-
4. PERSONS ENGAGED IN DOMESTIC OFFICES OR SERVICES.	63	582
Domestic Coachman, Groom	21	-
Domestic Gardener	17	-
Domestic Indoor Servant	16	500
Lodge, Gate, Park Keeper (not Government)	1	-
Inn, Hotel Servant	7	25
Cook (not domestic)	-	1
Charwoman	-	18
Washing and Bathing Service	-	25
Hospital and Institution Service	1	13
5. PERSONS ENGAGED IN COMMERCIAL OCCUPATIONS.	116	3
Broker, Agent, Factor	3	-
Auctioneer, Appraiser, Valuer, House Agent	3	-
Accountant	3	-
Salesman, Buyer (not otherwise specified)	2	1
Commercial Traveller	2	-
Commercial Clerk	90	2
Bank Service	2	-
Life, House, Ship &c., Insurance Service	11	-
6. PERSONS ENGAGED IN CONVEYANCE OF MEN, GOODS, AND MESSAGES.	154	2
Railway Engine Driver, Stoker	28	-
Pointsman, Level Crossing Man	8	-
Other Railway Officials and Servants	55	1
Omnibus, Coach, Cab, Owner - Livery Stable Keeper	2	-
Cabman, Flyman, Coachman (not domestic)	11	-
Carman, Carrier, Carter, Haulier	24	-
Inland Navigation Service	2	-
Bargeman, Lighterman, Waterman	6	-
Seaman (Merchant Service)	3	-
Warehouseman (not Manchester)	2	-
Meter, Weigher	1	-
Messenger, Porter, Watchman (not Railway or Government)	10	-
Telegraph, Telephone Service	2	1
7. PERSONS ENGAGED IN AGRICULTURE.	209	12
Farmer, Grazier	40	4
Farmer's, Grazier's - Son, Grandson, Brother, Nephew	13	-
Farm Bailiff	2	-
Agricultural Labourer, Farm Servant, Cottager	135	7
Shepherd	3	-
Woodman	1	-
Nurseryman, Seedsman, Florist	3	1
Gardener (not domestic)	12	-
8. PERSONS ENGAGED ABOUT ANIMALS.	22	-
Groom, Horse-keeper, Horse-breaker	18	-
Veterinary Surgeon, Farrier	2	-
Cattle, Sheep, Pig - Dealer, Salesman	1	-
Dog, Bird, Animal - Keeper, Dealer	1	-
9. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN BOOKS, PRINTS, AND MAPS.	122	52
Publisher, Bookseller, Librarian	1	1
Bookbinder	31	33
Printer	89	17
Newspaper Agent, News Room Keeper	1	1
10. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN MACHINES AND IMPLEMENTS.	292	1
Engine, Machine Maker	46	1
Millwright	4	-
Fitter, Turner (Engine and Machine)	158	-
Boiler Maker	66	-
Spinning and Weaving Machine Maker	2	-
Tool Maker, Dealer	2	-
Cutler, Scissors Maker	1	-
Saw Maker	1	-
Watch Maker, Clock Maker	8	-
Weighing and Measuring Apparatus Maker	1	-
Gunsmith, Gun Manufacturer	1	-
Musical Instrument Maker, Dealer	2	-
11. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN HOUSES, FURNITURE, AND DECORATIONS.	315	2
Builder	8	-
Carpenter, Joiner	155	1
Bricklayer	33	-
Mason	11	-
Slater, Tiler	4	-
Plasterer, Whitewasher	6	-
Paperhanger	1	-
Plumber	14	-
Painter, Glazier	62	-
Cabinet Maker	8	1
Gas Fitter	8	-
Funeral Furniture Maker, Undertaker	1	-
Carver, Gilder	4	-
12. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CARRIAGES AND HARNESS.	287	-
Coachmaker	7	-
Railway Carriage, Railway Wagon, Maker	84	-
Wheelwright	83	-
Others	107	-
Saddler, Harness, Whip Maker	6	-
13. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN SHIPS AND BOATS.	6	-
Ship, Boat, Barge Builder	2	-
Shipwright, Ship Carpenter (ashore)	4	-
14. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CHEMICALS AND COMPOUNDS.	10	1
Chemist, Druggist	10	1
15. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TOBACCO AND PIPES.	1	1
Tobacco Manufacture, Tobacconist	1	1
16. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN FOOD AND LODGING.	199	74
Innkeeper, Hotel Keeper, Publican	29	2
Lodging, Boarding House Keeper	-	26
Coffee, Eating House, Keeper	-	1
Brewer	1	-
Wine, Spirit - Merchant, Agent	1	-
Milkseller, Dairyman	3	-
Butcher, Meat Salesman	17	1
Provision Curer, Dealer	7	2
Poulterer, Game Dealer	2	1
Fishmonger	1	-
Corn Miller	1	-
Baker	21	-
Confectioner, Pastrycook	-	12
Greengrocer, Fruiterer	4	1
Sugar Refiner	65	-
Grocer. Tea, Coffee, Chocolate Maker, Dealer	46	28
Ginger Beer, Mineral Water Manufacturer, Dealer	1	-
17. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TEXTILE FABRICS.	34	42
Worsted, Stuff, Manufacture	1	-
Silk, Silk Goods, Manufacture	-	2
Cotton, Cotton Goods Manufacture	6	9
Cotton, Calico - Printer, Dyer, Bleacher	-	1
Fustian Manufacturer, Dealer	1	5
Rope, Twine, Cord - Maker, Dealer	1	-
Sacking, Sack, Bag - Maker, Dealer	1	-
Weaver (undefined)	-	1
Dyer, Printer, Scourer, Bleacher, Calenderer (undefined)	5	16
Factory Hand (textile, undefined)	-	1
Draper, Linen Draper, Mercer	19	7
18. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN DRESS.	82	150
Hatter, Hat Manufacture	-	1
Straw - Hat, Bonnet, Plait Manufacture	-	1
Tailor	30	4
Milliner, Dressmaker, Staymaker	-	130
Shirt Maker, Seamstress	-	11
Hosier, Haberdasher	1	-
Shoe, Boot - Maker, Dealer	36	3
Patten, Clog Maker	11	-
Wig Maker, Hair Dresser	4	-
20. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES.	122	127
Willow, Cane, Rush Worker, Dealer, Basketmaker	2	-
Hay, Straw (not plait), Chaff, Cutter, Dealer	1	-
Timber, Wood - Merchant, Dealer	8	1
Sawyer	15	-
Wood Turner, Box Maker	5	-
Cooper, Hoop Maker, Bender	6	-
Paper Manufacture	69	41
Envelope Maker	3	68
Stationer, Law Stationer	9	12
Paper Stainer	1	2
Paper Box, Paper Bag Maker	3	-
Ticket, Label Writer	-	3
21. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS MINERAL SUBSTANCES.	2,250	110
Coal Miner	1,325	52
Miner, in other or undefined Minerals	3	33
Mine Service	8	1
Coal Merchant	3	-
Coalheaver	4	1
Gas Works Service	11	-
Stone Quarrier	1	-
Brick, Tile - Maker, Burner, Dealer	35	1
Road Contractor, Surveyor, Inspector	1	-
Road Labourer	3	-
Railway Contractor	1	-
Platelayer	11	-
Railway Labourer, Navvy	12	-
Glass Manufacture	148	16
Earthenware, China, Glass Dealer	6	1
[Iron Manufacture]	425	1
Blacksmith	178	1
Whitesmith	1	-
Nail Manufacture	1	-
Anchor, Chain Manufacture	2	-
Ironmonger. Hardware Dealer, Merchant	-	1
Other Iron and Steel Manufacture	23	-
Copper, Copper Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	1	-
[Coppersmith]	6	1
Tin, Tin Plate, Tin Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	2	-
Metal Refiner, Worker, Turner, Dealer	3	-
Brass, Bronze Manufacture. Brazier	14	-
Wire Maker, Worker, Weaver, Drawer	2	-
Bolt, Nut, Rivet, Screw, Staple Maker	20	-
Lamp, Lantern, Candlestick Maker	-	1
22. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN GENERAL OR UNSPECIFIED COMMODITIES.	403	13
General Shopkeeper, Dealer	4	6
Pawnbroker	1	-
Costermonger, Huckster, Street Seller	1	-
Manufacturer, Manager, Superintendant (undefined)	6	1
Contractor (undefined)	2	-
General Labourer	257	1
Engine Driver, Stoker, Fireman (not railway, marine or agricultural)	73	-
Artizan, Mechanic (undefined)	44	2
Apprentice (undefined)	3	-
Factory Labourer (undefined)	8	2
Machinist, Machine Worker (undefined)	4	1
23. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN REFUSE MATTERS.	1	-
Chimney Sweep, Soot Merchant	1	-
24. PERSONS WITHOUT SPECIFIED OCCUPATIONS.	133	878
Persons returned by Property, Rank &c. and not special occupation	133	878
[UNKNOWN OCCUPATION]	23	1,848
[Occupation recorded but of unknown meaning]	5	4
[Blank field, or illegible]	18	1,844

Notes:

The following notes to the table appeared in the original report.

1	This table is a very special case: The original Table 10 as published by Division in the 1881 census reports was limited to data for Registration Divisions, their component Registration Counties, and just those Urban Sanitary Districts with populations of over 50,000. Data presented here for counties and higher-level units are taken from the published reports, as usual, but we also include in A Vision of Britain through Time data for Registration Districts, sub-Districts and Civil Parishes which never appeared in the original reports. These were specially created for us by the History Data Service at the University of Essex and derive from the complete transcription of the individual-level Enumerators Book data coordinated by the Genealogical Society of Utah.
2	In creating these data, each occupation listed in the enumerators books has been assigned as far as possible to the relevant category used in the published reports, but some additional categories with labels in square brackets unavoidably appear. Unlike the published statistics for higher-level units, these specially-calculated data for districts and parishes include persons under 15 or over 65. For these and other reasons, no attempt has been made to ensure that county totals for the districts or parishes match the published county totals. The remaining notes are those that appeared below the original published table.
3	NOTE.--Persons returned as engaged in more than one occupation have been referred to the one that appeared to be of most importance; or if there was no difference in this respect, to the one first given by the person in his or her return. In some cases special rules have been followed: e.g. "Clergyman and Schoolmaster" in combination has always been referred to "Schoolmaster"; a Member of Parliament or Peer engaged in any branch of commerce or industry has always been referred to this latter, not to "Peer, M.P.".
4	The numbers returned under any heading include Labourers, Apprentices, and Assistants, as well as Masters, but not Clerks, Messengers, Errand boys, Porters, or Watchmen, for which occupations there are special headings. Civil, Military, and Naval Clerks, Law, Bank, Insurance, and Railway Clerks, and Government and Railway Porters, are, however, exceptions to this rule. Many young persons, being Apprentices or Assistants, have therefore been referred to occupations usually followed by adults. Women also, chiefly widows or orphans carrying on the business of their deceased husbands or fathers, will sometimes be found under occupations commonly followed by men only.
5	Persons returned as retired from any business have not been referred to that business. Inmates of workhouses have been referred to their trades, unless their age or infirmities showed that they were past work. But persons who might be supposed to be only temporarily separated from their usual employment, such as Prisoners, and Patients in General Hospitals, have been classed under their usual occupations.
6	In some cases, for convenience of space, the male designation, e.g. "Schoolmaster", alone is given, instead of "Schoolmaster, Schoolmistress".

Click on the triangles for all about a particular number.

This website does not try to provide an exact replica of the original printed census tables, which often had thousands of rows and far more columns than will fit on our web pages. Instead, we let you drill down from national totals to the most detailed data available. The column headings are those that appeared in the original printed report. The numbers presented here, which are the same ones we use to create statistical maps and graphs, come from the census table and have usually been carefully checked.

The system can only hold statistics for units listed in our administrative gazetteer, so some rows from the original table may be missing. Sometimes big low-level units, like urban parishes, were divided between more than one higher-level units, like Registration sub-Districts. This is why some pages will give a higher figure for a lower-level unit: it covers the whole of the lower-level unit, not just the part within the current higher-level unit.

Acknowledgments:

We are grateful to the following contributors. If you make use of the data in your own work, please follow any instructions given here on acknowledgment and re-use.

(1) Kevin Schurer (Department of Geography, University of Cambridge). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)

(2) Matthew Woollard (UK Data Service, University of Essex). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)